来瓦希尔骨架材料MIL-53(Al)填充PEBA膜渗透汽化分离水中苯胺

将来瓦希尔骨架材料MIL-53(Al)引入到聚醚共聚酰胺（PEBA-2533）高分子相中制备了不同填充量的PEBA/MIL-53(Al)杂化膜并用于渗透汽化分离水中微量苯胺。X-射线衍射结果证实MIL-53(Al)被成功合成。扫描电镜和激光粒度分析结果表明所制备MIL-53(Al)颗粒粒径在纳米尺度范围内。采用扫描电镜、红外光谱、X-射线衍射、差示扫描量热和水接触角对杂化膜进行了表征，并考察了杂化膜的溶胀行为和分离性能。结果表明，所得杂化膜的热稳定性较好。当MIL-53(Al)质量分数小于20%时，MIL-53(Al)在高分子相中分散均匀，继续增大填充量出现团聚现象。杂化膜的结晶度随MIL-53(Al)填充量的增加而降低。MIL-53(Al)的引入增强了杂化膜的疏水性和溶胀度。在料液温度为60℃、膜下游压力400Pa、料液苯胺质量分数为3.6%时，MIL-53(Al)质量分数为20%的杂化膜（M-20）综合分离性能最优，渗透通量达到2.15kg/(m²·h)，分离因子为264。12天的稳定性测试结果表明所得杂化膜分离性能无显著变化，能够满足渗透汽化应用要求。     

Investigation of OSN properties of PDMS membrane for the retention of dilute solutes with potential industrial applications

Few commercially available membranes can be used for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN). Applying OSN in chemical industries is nevertheless of high interest to cut with energy consumption linked to solvent recycling and soluble catalysts recovery. A commercial membrane, PERVAP4060, was used to investigate the retention of dilute solutes in toluene feeds and to mimic metathesis medium. The studied solutes were R-BINAP a neutral polyaromatic molecule used in metathesis chemistry, tetraoctylammonium bromide (ToABr), a charged molecule used as a homogeneous catalyst and n-hexadecane. Retention of polar ToABr (95%) was higher than that of neutral R-BINAP (80%). The transfer mechanism, either pore flow or solution-diffusion, was discussed. All the results obtained suggested that the transport is governed by the solution-diffusion mechanism. The measured retentions could be explained in terms of solubility affinities and diffusion coefficients. The stability and performances of PERVAP4060 were well established, showing the strong potential for industrial applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48359.     

广西某黄铁矿化蚀变砂泥岩型金矿选矿试验研究

广西某金矿为黄铁矿化蚀变砂泥岩型金矿,可回收金主要为黄铁矿、脉石包裹金。金矿物绝大部分为次显微金、胶体金及晶格金,呈均匀分布,极难单体解离,因此金矿物较难富集。试验研究结果表明,采用浮选—尼尔森联合工艺获得金粗精矿金品位为5.82g/t,金回收率为88.85%,较单一浮选工艺粗选金回收率提高5.19%;闭路试验结果表明,采用浮选—尼尔森联合工艺可获得金品位为12.53g/t、金回收率为88.48%的金精矿,较好地实现了该金矿的综合回收。     

浊点萃取在锕系和镧系元素分离分析中的应用

浊点萃取（cloud point extraction, CPE）是一种安全环保同时兼具高富集系数和低成本的萃取方法，在分析化学中已经被广泛应用于金属离子分析等领域。锕系和镧系金属元素存在环境复杂，自身浓度相对较低，对其进行分离和分析一直是放射化学研究者所关注的问题。经过条件优化，CPE能够有选择性地分离和富集锕系和镧系金属元素。通过与多种技术联用，CPE能实现锕系和镧系元素的高灵敏度分析。本文在介绍浊点萃取机理的基础上，着重描述了不同萃取体系中各类萃取剂（β-二酮类、膦氧类、含氮类、含硫类）对于锕系和镧系元素的萃取效果，全面总结了其中使用的不同联用技术，同时简述了通过构筑超分子识别位点，修饰配体，使用不同表面活性剂及掩蔽剂等改良现有浊点萃取体系的尝试。最后，对浊点萃取在放射化学领域的应用进行了总结和展望。     

Chromatographic characterisation of aptamer-modified poly(EDMA-co-GMA) monolithic disk format for protein binding and separation

The introduction of aptameric ligands onto disk-monolithic adsorbent, representing a unique strategy for convective isolation of target molecules with high specificity and selectivity, is investigated for the first time. Experimental results showed that the disk monolith possessed a good permeability of 1.67 ± 0.05 × 10^–14 m² (RSD = 3.2%). The aptameric ligand density for the aptamer-modified disk monolith was 480 pmol/uL. Chromatographic analysis of the aptamer disk-monolith efficiency showed an optimum linear velocity of 126 cm/min (≈0.25 mL/min) at room temperatures 25 ± 2°C. The theoretical number of plates corresponding to the optimum linear velocity was 128.2 with an height equivalent to the theoretical plate of 0.022 mm. The disk aptamer-immobilised monolithic system demonstrated good selectivity and isolation of thrombin from non-targets.     

Influence of salt concentration on solubility and tie-line data for the system: Formic acid + n-butanol + water

The tie-line and solubility data, i.e. formic acid (FA) + n-butanol + water + NaCl, were resolved at T = 298.15 K and under ambient pressure. The Othmer–Tobias equation was applied in this study. The experimental data were correlated and all linear correlation coefficients were found to be approximately equal to 1. Both the Universal Quasi-chemical Theory (UNIQUAC) and Nonrandom Two Liquid Theory (NRTL) and NRTL models were employed in order to compare the experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) and tie-line data. Consequently, the calculated and experimental data proved to be a good fit. Results show that adding salt to the system proved beneficial by increasing the separation of FA from water.     

高效液相色谱法测定纺织品中喹啉的质量浓度

建立了测定纺织品中喹啉质量浓度的高效液相色谱检测方法,用高效液相色谱仪对样品中的喹啉及其他组分进行分离,用二极管阵列检测器进行紫外光谱分析,用峰面积外标法进行定量。喹啉的检出限为10 mg/kg,回收率在80%~120%,精密度小于2%。结果表明,该方法线性良好,测试简单,回收率、精密度高,满足测试要求。     

豫西地区三软煤层选煤系统的优化设计

豫西地区三软煤层由于底板为泥岩、砂质泥岩、泥质粉砂岩,顶板为泥岩、砂质泥岩等原因,采用放顶煤工艺进行采煤时原煤发热量起伏较大,原煤发热量较差时小于12.56 MJ/kg。而依据河南省相关政策要求,商品煤发热量应达到18.84 MJ/kg以上。为了满足销售要求,必须对原煤进行筛选。以河南永华能源嵩山煤矿为例,通过科学的数据分析和严谨的工艺设计,充分利用现有条件,选用复合干法分选排矸技术,较好地解决了商品煤发热量不足的问题。对解决豫西地区三软煤层同类问题具有借鉴意义。     

Vapor- and liquid-phase adsorption of alcohol and water in silicalite-1 synthesized in fluoride media

In this work, batch-adsorption experiments and molecular simulations are employed to probe the adsorption of binary mixtures containing ethanol or a linear alkane-1,n-diol solvated in water or ethanol onto silicalite-1. Since the batch-adsorption experiments require an additional relationship to determine the amount of solute (and solvent) adsorbed, as only the bulk liquid reservoir can be probed directly, molecular simulations are used to provide a relationship between solute and solvent adsorption for input to the experimental bulk measurements. The combination of bulk experimental measurements and simulated solute–solvent relationship yields solvent and solute loadings that are self-consistent with simulation alone, and allow for an assessment of the various assumptions made in the literature. At low solution concentrations, the solute loading calculated is independent of the assumption made. At high concentrations, a negligent choice of assumption can lead to systematic overestimation or underestimation of calculated solute loading.